2013年7月28日日曜日

仏教の本質 哲学者「中村元」.flv

https://twitter.com/matuoka7ocean


matuokaisenokamikaze ‏@matuoka7ocean
@AmbassadorRoos ☆Matuoka-Isenokamikaze☆: 仏教の本質 哲学者「中村元」.flv

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仏教の本質 哲学者「中村元」.flv

http://youtu.be/dvfXfsvJ4yc



アップロード日: 2011/06/17
君津市 真言宗豊山派 大宮山貞福寺

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中村元「ブッダ最後の旅」1

http://youtu.be/zjckGr7zCug



アップロード日: 2011/05/27
これは1973年2月18日NHK教育放送 宗教の時間の録音です。当時、中村先生は東大教授で61才 奈良先生は駒沢大学助教授で44才です。
日本の誇る偉大な宗教学者中村先生の心のこもったお話です。

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中村元「ブッダ最後の旅」2  

http://youtu.be/KpNegIvnOI8



アップロード日: 2011/05/27
これは1973年2月18日NHK教育放送 宗教の時間の録音です。当時、中村先生は東大教授で61才 奈良先生は駒沢大学助教授で44才です。
日本の誇る偉大な宗教学者中村先生の心のこもったお話です。
この2では後半2分切れています。14分50秒ですが何度アップを試みてもだめでした­。

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中村元「ブッダ最後の旅」3

http://youtu.be/5wHJanFFJf4



アップロード日: 2011/05/27
これは1973年2月18日NHK教育放送 宗教の時間の録音です。当時、中村先生は東大教授で61才 奈良先生は駒沢大学助教授で44才です。
日本の誇る偉大な宗教学者中村先生の心のこもったお話です。
この3は12分41秒で次の4に移ります。

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中村元「ブッダ最後の旅」4

http://youtu.be/oeFvEXkWv8g



アップロード日: 2011/05/27
これは1973年2月18日NHK教育放送 宗教の時間の録音です。当時、中村先生は東大教授で61才 奈良先生は駒沢大学助教授で44才です。
日本の誇る偉大な宗教学者中村先生の心のこもったお話です。
この4は8分で次の5に続きます。

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中村元「ブッダ最後の旅」5

http://youtu.be/gOjz9-dXAKQ



アップロード日: 2011/05/27
これは1973年2月18日NHK教育放送 宗教の時間の録音です。当時、中村先生は東大教授で61才 奈良先生は駒沢大学助教授で44才です。
日本の誇る偉大な宗教学者中村先生の心のこもったお話です。
 
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中村元 (哲学者)

http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%91%E5%85%83_(%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85)

中村 元(なかむら はじめ、1912年大正元年)11月28日 - 1999年平成11年)10月10日)は、インド哲学者仏教学者東京大学名誉教授日本学士院会員。勲一等瑞宝章文化勲章紫綬褒章受章。在家出身。
主たる専門領域であるインド哲学仏教思想にとどまらず、西洋哲学にも幅広い知識をもち思想における東洋西洋の超克(あるいは融合)を目指していた。外国語訳された著書も多数ある。

略歴

1912年大正元年)11月28日、島根県松江市殿町にて生まれる。
1931年昭和6年)、東京高等師範学校附属中学校(現・筑波大学附属中学校・高等学校)卒業。
1934年(昭和9年)、旧制第一高等学校卒業。
1936年(昭和11年)、東京帝国大学文学部印度哲学文(ぼんぶん)学科を卒業。
1941年(昭和16年)に同大学大学院博士課程を修了。宇井伯壽文献学としての仏教学を学ぶほか、倫理学和辻哲郎の知遇も得る。
1942年(昭和17年)、文学博士号を授与される。
1943年(昭和18年)、東京帝国大学助教授に就任。
1954年(昭和29年)より、東京大学(1947年(昭和22年)、東京帝国大学から改称)教授に就任(~1973年)。
1957年(昭和32年)に『初期ヴェーダーンタ哲学史』(岩波書店)で、日本学士院恩賜賞を受賞。
1970年(昭和45年)、財団法人東方研究会を設立、初代理事長に就任。
1973年(昭和48年)
東京大学を定年退官、同大学名誉教授。最終講義『インド思想文化への視角』
東方研究会の活動の一環として、東方学院を開設、学院長に就任(1999年の没時まで)。自身も「寺子屋」と称して、国籍も学歴も年齢も問わず、真に学問を目指す人のための講義を行う。
1974年(昭和49年)
比較思想学の先駆者として、比較思想学会も創設し、初代会長に就任(~1983年)。岩波全書で『比較思想論』と、東京書籍で『比較思想事典』(監修)、『比較思想の軌跡』がある。

紫綬褒章受章。

1975年(昭和50年)、東京書籍で『佛教語大辞典』刊(全3巻、1981年に縮刷版全1巻が刊)。
1977年(昭和52年)、文化勲章受章。文化功労者
1984年(昭和59年)、勲一等瑞宝章受章。日本学士院会員になる。
1988年(昭和63年)12月、春秋社で『決定版 中村元選集』刊行開始。
1989年(昭和64年・平成元年)

1月7日、8名の有識者委員の一人として「元号に関する懇談会」に列席。

松江市より名誉市民の称号と市民章が贈られる。

1995年(平成7年)

東方学』第九十号で、門下生の奈良康明前田専學らと、座談会での回想「學問の思い出」を行う[1]

1999年(平成11年)

7月、『中村元選集』全40巻(32巻+別巻8巻)が完結。

10月10日午前10時45分、急性腎不全のため東京都杉並区久我山の自宅にて死去(満86歳)。墓所は、多磨霊園戒名は、自誓院向学創元居士。

エピソード
サンスクリット語・パーリ語に精通し、仏典などの解説や翻訳に代表される著作は多数にのぼる。「生きる指針を提示するのも学者の仕事」が持論で、訳書に極力やさしい言葉を使うことでも知られた。その最も端的な例として、サンスクリットのニルヴァーナ(Nirvāṇa)およびパーリ語のニッバーナ(Nibbāna)を「涅槃」と訳さず「安らぎ」と訳したことがあげられる。訳注において「ここでいうニルヴァーナは後代の教義学者たちの言うようなうるさいものではなくて、心の安らぎ、心の平和によって得られる楽しい境地というほどの意味であろう。」としている。

中村が20年かけ1人で執筆していた『佛教語大辞典』が完成間近になったとき、ある出版社が原稿を紛失してしまった。中村は「怒ったら原稿が見付かるわけでもないでしょう」と怒りもせず、翌日から再び最初から書き直し、8年かけて完結させ、別の出版社(東京書籍)から全3巻で刊行。[2]完成版は4万5000項目の大辞典であり、改訂版である『広説佛教語大辞典』では更に8000項目が追加され没後全4巻を刊行した。校正や索引作成に協力した者がいるとは言え、基本的に1人で執筆した文献としては膨大なものである。

中村元は「心」をどう捉えていたか。現代人の最も知りたい「心」をどのように捉えていたかについて、朝日新聞社刊「脳とこころをさぐる」(1990年8月20日発行)に詳しい。同書は中村が76歳の時の講演録である。 注)同書には専門書では発見できない中村の「人の『心』について」及び「21世紀以降の人類社会のあるべき大前提」についての発言が掲載されている、なお、同講演会は鈴木二郎(元日本脳神経外科学会会長)藤田真一(元朝日新聞編集委員)の三人が「人間の死生観」についての討論講演会録を出版物にしたものである。

翻訳

『ブッダのことば スッタニパータ』(岩波文庫 のちワイド版、岩波書店
『ブッダの真理のことば 感興のことば』(法句経)(岩波文庫 のちワイド版、岩波書店)
『ブッダ最後の旅 大パリニッバーナ経』(岩波文庫 のちワイド版、岩波書店)
『神々との対話 サンユッタ・ニカーヤI』(岩波文庫)
『悪魔との対話 サンユッタ・ニカーヤII』(岩波文庫) 
『仏弟子の告白』(岩波文庫、のち岩波書店 、「尼僧~」と合本)
『尼僧の告白』(岩波文庫、のち岩波書店)
般若心経・金剛般若経』(紀野一義との共訳、岩波文庫、のちワイド版)
浄土三部経』 (紀野一義、早島鏡正との共訳、岩波文庫 上・下、のちワイド版)
ミリンダ王の問い インドとギリシアの対決』(早島鏡正との共訳、平凡社東洋文庫 全3巻)
般若経典』(東京書籍)、※以下は訳者代表の一部
維摩経』『勝鬘経』(東京書籍)
法華経』(東京書籍)
華厳経』『楞伽経』(東京書籍)
『浄土経典』(東京書籍)
『密教経典・他』(東京書籍)
『論書・他』(東京書籍)
『大乗仏典』(筑摩書房


『中村元選集』(春秋社、1988年〈第1巻〉~1999年〈別巻4〉)
 
第1巻 『インド人の思惟方法 東洋人の思惟方法 I
第2巻 『シナ人の思惟方法 東洋人の思惟方法 II
第3巻 『日本人の思惟方法 東洋人の思惟方法 III
第4巻 『チベット人・韓国人の思惟方法 東洋人の思惟方法 IV
第5巻 『インド史 I』
第6巻 『インド史 II』 第7巻 『インド史 III』
第8巻 『ヴェーダの思想』
第9巻 『ウパニシャッドの思想』
第10巻 『思想の自由とジャイナ教』
第11巻 『ゴータマ・ブッダ I 原始仏教 I
第12巻 『ゴータマ・ブッダ II 原始仏教 II
第13巻 『仏弟子の生涯 原始仏教 III
第14巻 『原始仏教の成立 原始仏教 IV
第15巻 『原始仏教の思想 I 原始仏教 V
第16巻 『原始仏教の思想 II 原始仏教 VI
第17巻 『原始仏教の生活倫理 原始仏教 VII
第18巻 『原始仏教の社会思想 原始仏教 VIII
第19巻 『インドと西洋の思想交流』
第20巻 『原始仏教から大乗仏教へ 大乗仏教 I
第21巻 『大乗仏教の思想 大乗仏教 II
第22巻 『空の論理 大乗仏教 III
第23巻 『仏教美術に生きる理想 大乗仏教 IV
第24巻 『ヨーガとサーンキヤの思想 インド六派哲学 I
第25巻 『ニヤーヤとヴァイシェーシカの思想 インド六派哲学 II
第26巻 『ミーマーンサーと文法学の思想 インド六派哲学 III
第27巻 『ヴェーダーンタ思想の展開 インド六派哲学 IV
第28巻 『インドの哲学体系 I 『全哲学綱要』訳註 I
第29巻 『インドの哲学体系 II 『全哲学綱要』訳註 II
第30巻 『ヒンドゥー教と叙事詩』
第31巻 『近代インドの思想』
第32巻 『現代インドの思想』
別巻1 『古代思想 世界思想史 I
別巻2 『普遍思想 世界思想史 II
別巻3 『中世思想 世界思想史 III
別巻4 『近代思想 世界思想史 IV
別巻5 『東西文化の交流 日本の思想 I
別巻6 『聖徳太子 日本の思想 II
別巻7 『近世日本の批判的精神 日本の思想 III
別巻8 『日本宗教の近代性 日本の思想 IV

 
最終更新 2013年7月7日 (日) 01:20

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参考リンク:

15_0 宇宙論における般若心経研究

http://youtu.be/kIKR1UUtxKE



公開日: 2012/12/31
2013/01/01 新年特別講義:INU公開講座:宇宙物理学・天文学領域
第17章:宇宙論最終講義:般若心経研究
宇宙論の研究に対する、仏教思想からの回答を紹介する
2013/01/01 INU学長・教授Prof. Kubo
 
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参考リンク:

Paramita sutra "Heart Sutra" ,般若波罗蜜多心經

http://matuoka777isenokamikaze.blogspot.jp/2013/07/paramita-sutra-heart-sutra.html

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Paramita sutra "Heart Sutra" ,般若波罗蜜多心經

Heart Sutra (Sanskrit)

http://youtu.be/xNWGh8zUdRk



アップロード日: 2010/02/21
a musical rendition by Imee Ooi

The Heart of Perfect Wisdom Sutra or Heart Sutra or Essence of Wisdom Sutra (Sanskrit: प्रज्ञापारमिताहृदय Prajñāpāramitā Hṛdaya; Chinese: 摩訶般若波羅蜜多心經) (the word sutra is not present in known Sanskrit manuscripts[1]) is a well-known Mahāyāna Buddhist sutra that is very popular among Mahayana Buddhists both for its brevity and depth of meaning. Buddhist writer and translator Bill Porter calls the Heart Sutra the best known[2] and most popular of all Buddhist scriptures (wikipedia)

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Prajna paramita sutra "Heart Sutra"

http://youtu.be/8n_R5eHMLdg



アップロード日: 2009/08/09
Avalokiteshvara's heart sutra. Highest teaching to his closest disciple, Sariputra explaining the nature of phenomena, the deep relation of emptiness and form. In this clip the whole sutra is sang in sanskrit. Mantra: "om gate gate paragate parasamgate bodhi swaha,"
 

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The Heart Sutra - Prajna Paramita  

http://youtu.be/xzLApcrP-kk



アップロード日: 2010/06/18
The Heart Sutra

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般若波罗蜜多心经 (每日诵心经 心平静- 压力无)

http://youtu.be/FIZqf61gDc4



アップロード日: 2011/11/10
每日诵心经 - 心情好- 烦恼无 每日抄心经- 心平静 - 压力无 念经有什么好处?
好处你是看不见的,你每念一次经,
在你的自性里边就经过一次的刷洗。
念一遍,经中的意思就明白一点。
念两遍,更明白一点。
念三遍,就更明白多一点。
所以,念经是在你自性上,智慧会增加的。


翻译这部 般若波羅蜜多心經 的人是谁?

就是 唐三藏法师玄奘

(唐) - 中国古代唐朝那个时代

(三藏) - 就经藏、律藏、论藏
(经藏) 里边的佛经很多
(律藏) 是讲戒律的
(论藏) 是讲议论道理的

(法师) - 以三藏的佛法来教化众生,这也叫法师

(玄奘) - 是法师的名字

这位法师,在近代佛教来讲可以说是最伟大的一位法师,
他到印度去了十四年,取经回来,翻译出很多经典。

" bo re bo luo mi duo xin jing般若波罗蜜多心经 guang zi zai pu sa xing shen观自在菩萨行深 bo re bo luo mi duo shi般若波罗蜜多时zhao jian wu yun jie kong照见五蕴皆空 du yi qie ku e度一切苦厄she li zi舍利子se bu yi kong色不異空kong bu yi se 空不異色 se ji shi kong色即是空kong ji shi se空即是色shou xiang xing shi yi fu ru shi受想行识 亦復如是 she li zi舍利子shi zhu fa kong xiang是诸法空相bu sheng bu mie不生不灭bu gou bu jing不垢不净 bu zeng bu jian不增不减shi gu kong zhong wu se是故空中无色wu shou xiang xing shi shou xiang xing shi无受想行识 受想行识 wu yan er bi she wu shen yi无眼耳鼻舌无身意wu se sheng xiang wei chu fa无色声香味触法wu yan jie无眼界nai zhi wu yi shi jie乃至无意识界wu wu ming yi wu wu ming jing无无明 亦无无明尽 nai zhi wu lao si yi wu lao si jin 乃至无老死 亦无老死尽 wu ku ji mie dao无苦集灭道 wu zhi yi wu de无智亦无得yi wu suo de gu以无所得故 pu ti sa duo菩提萨埵yi bo re bo luo mi duo gu 依般若波罗蜜多故xin wu gua ai 心无罣礙wu gua ai gu无罣礙故wu you wu you kong bu無有無有恐怖yuan li dian dao meng xiang远离颠倒梦想jiu jing nie pan究竟涅槃san shi zhu fo三世诸佛yi bo re bo luo mi duo gu依般若波罗蜜多故 de e nou duo luo san miao san pu ti得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提gu zhi bo re bo luo mi duo故知若般波罗蜜多shi da shen zhou 是大神咒shi da min zhou是大明咒shi wu shang zhou是无上咒hi wu deng deng zhou是无等等咒 neng chu yi qie kuIt能除一切苦zheng shi bu xu真实不虚gu shuo bo re bo luo mi duo zhou故說般若 波羅蜜多咒ji shuo zhou yue zhou yue 即说咒曰 咒曰 jie di jie di揭諦揭谛 bo luo jie di 波罗揭谛bo luo seng jie di 波罗僧揭谛pu ti sa po he菩提萨婆诃

详细解釋 请上网 详细解釋 详细解釋 请上网 " 般若波羅蜜多心經非臺頌解 宣化上人講述 "

◎唐三藏法师玄奘奉诏译 美国万佛圣城宣化上人讲於三藩市佛教讲堂 一九六九年四月二十日至九月十二日
 
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2012 Heart Sutra 般若波羅蜜多心經 (Sanskrit 梵文)

http://youtu.be/HYujKqI9wp8



アップロード日: 2009/12/17
Erhu二胡《觀音頌》Praise to the Kwan Yin (作曲/獨奏:王國潼教授 Prof.Wang Guo-Tong)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kr8rA1...

般若波羅蜜多心經
觀自在菩薩‧行深般若波羅蜜多時‧ 照見五蘊皆空.度一切苦厄. 舍利子. 色不異空‧空不異色. 色即是空‧空即是色. 受想行識‧亦復如是. 舍利子. 是諸法空相. 不生不滅‧不垢不淨.不增不減. 是故空中無色. 無受想行識. 無眼耳鼻舌身意. 無色聲香味觸法. 無眼界‧乃至無意識界. 無無明‧亦無無明盡. 乃至無老死‧亦無老死盡. 無苦集滅道‧無智亦無得. 以無所得故‧菩提薩埵. 依般若波羅蜜多故. 心無罣礙‧無罣礙故‧無有恐怖‧ 遠離顛倒夢想‧ 究竟涅槃‧三世諸佛. 依般若波羅蜜多故. 得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提‧ 故知般若波羅蜜多. 是大神咒‧是大明咒. 是無上咒‧是無等等咒. 能除一切苦‧真實不虛. 故說般若波羅蜜多咒.
即說咒曰‧揭諦揭諦‧波羅揭諦. 波羅僧揭諦‧菩提薩婆訶.
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般若波羅蜜多心經 Heart Sutra in Mandarin  

http://youtu.be/TJjOwZ7AXyg



公開日: 2012/10/25
般若波罗密多心经:
观照自心,不为实、虚的万物所动,修行达到智慧入定的时候,便能够洞悉五蕴(色、受、­想、行、识)的虚幻,从而超脱于一切生死苦厄之外。非大智慧者不能领悟:物质和虚幻都­是相对的,互相包容的、互相转换、不稳定的,不能将两者武断地拆分,相对性才是世界的­真相。 我们平常说的空不是什么都没有的绝对虚空。 空不是物质绝对消失之后才有的, 空与物质本来没有绝对的界限,空是包含物质的虚空。不要执迷于任何一个极端,不要偏执­于任何一极, 既不执着于世界一切都是虚无, 也不执着于世界一切都是物质。 感知、思考、行为、认知,都同样是与外界联系而产生的,也是相对性的,不可孤立、极端­地根据自己的感知来片面地理解、判断这个世界。 只有用佛家的妙智慧去理解、把握世界虚空、实相的度,没有了妄想之心,不为凡尘俗事所­困扰,也就不会因为个人的生死得失、修为的圣人凡夫、知识的狭抑宽广而影响对佛学的修­为。 人的感官认知,都是因缘机会,虚幻而成的,不可以用充满杂念的心去追求虚幻的认知。所­以修佛的人要时时观照,不可执迷于色、空的极端---因为执迷而容易丧失对一切真实世­界的认识了解。 人的感官对世界的认知不一定都是真实的,可能存在误解,如果能够了解以佛学的方式去理­解。最终能够做到心平气和,不为任何外界因素所困扰,陶冶涵养,终归能认知世界本性。 人的主观意识是是一切苦厄烦恼的原因。世间一切事物无不因为这些凡尘俗识作用变化,而­互成因果,展转无穷。只有修得佛法,时刻观照,才能摆脱一切凡尘俗识,了然世界真相。 人类的痛苦因缘,都是因果流转所至,有其根源可寻,只要理解了世界的真实性,扫除一切­执著,把握因缘起因,也就可以控制和消除了苦难的因缘。达此大乘境界,便不再追求一己­之私的解脱,也不至于在"个人"的道德完善上下功夫,不会只追求参悟生死。因此才会胸­怀博大,不执着于摆脱个人苦难为目的,而是投入地以度化人间苦难为己任。明白了这种烦­恼业因的来源,自然就会思考消除苦难的方法,进而行动起来,修善止恶,消除世间苦难的­来源。修行之人,依法修持,待到功德圆满,机缘成熟,心态稳定之后,自然也就没有丝毫­虚妄杂念,也就无所谓对解脱凡尘俗事、心魔障碍、生死困惑的牵挂了。只要心中没有牵挂­,没有障碍,也就不会有对凡尘俗事的操心。 远离虚幻梦想,达到大超脱的境界。无论何时、何地的修成者,都是按照佛家特有的妙智慧­达到参悟的彼岸,从而达到至高无上的大觉大悟境地。所以说,佛家的妙智慧是有广大神通­的、能破除心中的黑暗迷茫,引导你走向觉悟的境地,世间修行没有比着更简单有效的方法­了,般若法是修佛的最佳心要,依此修行是成佛的途径,修般若法,能破除心中迷障,令你­看透世界的本质,尽除一切众生所受的苦厄灾难。所以般若法门是有效实用的。 所以说"般若波罗蜜多"是有实效的一门学问,能使人掌握世界的本质。为了大家都能更好­的理解、修行,再告诉大家一个句有实效的话,按此修行:归回本性,普渡自我及他人都到­彼岸。依照此话修行,能快速达到佛的境界。

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般若心経. 現代語訳  

http://youtu.be/E_SgUM2NhM0



アップロード日: 2011/04/23
説明はありません。
 
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摩訶般若波羅蜜多心経

http://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A8%B6%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E8%9C%9C%E5%A4%9A%E5%BF%83%E7%B5%8C

般若心経

般若心経、玄奘三蔵の漢訳

大正新修大蔵経収録テキスト
般若波羅蜜多心經
はんにやはらみつたしんぎやう
 

唐三藏法師玄奘譯 (たうさんざうほふしげんじやううやく)

觀自在菩薩。行深般若波羅蜜多時。照見五蘊皆空。度一切苦厄。
舍利子。色不異空。空不異色。色即是空。空即是色。受想行識亦復如是。
舍利子。是諸法空相。不生不滅。不垢不淨不增不減。
是故空中。無色。無受想行識。無眼耳鼻舌身意。無色聲香味觸法。無眼界。乃至無意識界。
無無明。亦無無明盡。乃至無老死。亦無老死盡。無苦集滅道。無智亦無得。
以無所得故。菩提薩埵。依般若波羅蜜多故。心無罣礙。無罣礙故。無有恐怖。遠離顛倒夢想。究竟涅槃。
三世諸佛。依般若波羅蜜多故。得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。
故知般若波羅蜜多。是大神咒。是大明咒是無上咒。是無等等咒。能除一切苦。真實不虛故。
說般若波羅蜜多咒即說咒曰
揭帝揭帝 般羅揭帝 般羅僧揭帝菩提僧莎訶
般若波羅蜜多心經

集王聖教序収録テキスト(集字のため違う漢字の代用あり)
股若波羅蜜多心経
はんにやはらみつたしんぎやう


沙門玄奘奉 詔譯 (しゃもんげんじやうぶじゃうやく)

觀自在菩薩行深般若波羅蜜多時照見五薀皆空度一切苦厄
舍利子色不異空空不異包包即是空空即是包受想行識亦復如是
舍利子是諸法空相不生不滅不垢不淨不増不減
是故空中無色無受想行識無眼耳鼻舌身意無包聲香味觸法無眼界乃至無意識界
無無明亦無無明盡乃至無老死亦無老死盡無苦集滅道無智亦無得
以無所得故菩提薩埵依般若波羅蜜多故心無罣礙無罣礙故無有恐怖遠離顛倒夢想究竟涅(股/木)
三世諸佛依股若波羅蜜多故得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提
故知般若波羅蜜多是大神呪是大明咒是無上呪是無等等呪能除一切苦真實不虛故
說股若波羅蜜多咒即說呪曰
揭帝揭帝 般羅揭帝 般羅僧揭帝菩提莎婆呵
般若多心経

訓み下し
觀自在菩薩、深般若波羅蜜多を行じし時、五蘊皆空なりと照見して、一切の苦厄を度したまえり。
舎利子、色は空に異ならず、空は色に異ならず。色はすなわちこれ空、空はこれすなわち色なり。受想行識もまたまたかくのごとし。
舎利子、この諸法は空相にして、生ぜず、滅せず、垢つかず、浄からず、増さず、減ぜず、この故に、空の中には、色もなく、受も想も行も識もなく、眼も耳も鼻も舌も身も意もなく、色も声も香も味も触も法もなし。眼界もなく、乃至、意識界もなし。無明もなく、また、無明の尽くることもなし。乃至、老も死もなく、また、老と死の尽くることもなし。苦も集も滅も道もなく、智もなく、また、得もなし。得る所なきを以ての故に。菩提薩埵は、般若波羅蜜多に依るが故に心に罣礙なし。罣礙なきが故に、恐怖あることなく、一切の顚倒夢想を遠離し涅槃を究竟す。三世諸佛も般若波羅蜜多に依るが故に、阿耨多羅三藐三菩提を得たまえり。故に知るべし、般若波羅蜜多はこれ大神咒なり。これ大明咒なり。これ無上咒なり。これ無等等咒なり。よく一切の苦を除き、真実にして虚ならず。故に般若波羅蜜多の咒を説く。すなわち咒を説いて曰わく、
羯諦 羯諦 波羅羯諦 波羅僧羯諦 菩提娑婆訶
般若心經

読み
:省略

このページの最終更新日時は 2013年5月11日 (土) 11:39 です。

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Shorter Heart Sutra (Wikisource)

http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Shorter_Heart_Sutra_(Wikisource)

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http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4ad98b3c01000ad1.html

般若波罗蜜多心经(中英文对照)
THE HEART OF PRAJNA PARAMITA SUTRA

 唐三藏法师玄奘奉昭译

观自在菩萨。行深般若波罗蜜多时。照见五蕴皆空。度一切苦厄。
When Bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara was practicing the profound Prajna Paramita,he illuminated the Five Skandhas and saw that they are all empty,and he crossed beyond all suffering and difficulty.
舍利子。色不异空。空不异色。色即是空。空即是色。受想行识。亦复如是。
Shariputra,form does not differ from emptiness;emptiness does not differ from form.Form itself is emptiness;emptiness itself is form.So too are feeling,cognition,formation,and consciousness.
舍利子。是诸法空相。不生不灭。不垢不净。不增不减。是故空中无色。无受想行识。无眼耳鼻舌身意。无色声香味触法。无眼界。乃至无意识界。无无明。亦无无明尽。乃至无老死。亦无老死尽。无苦集灭道。无智亦无得。以无所得故。
Shariputra,all Dharmas are empty of characteristics.They are not produced,not destroyed,not defiled, not pure; and they neither increase nor diminish.Therefore, in emptiness there is no form,feeling, cognition,formation,or consciousness;no eyes,ears,nose,tongue,body,or mind;no sights,sounds,smells,tastes,objects of touch,or Dharmas;no field of the eyes up to and including no field of mind consciousness;and no ignorance or ending of ignorance, up to and including no old age and death or ending of old age and death. There is no suffering, no accumulating, no extinction, and no Way, and no understanding and no attaining,because nothing is attained.
菩提萨埵。依般若波罗蜜多故。心无罣碍。无罣碍故。无有恐怖。远离颠倒梦想。究竟涅盘。三世诸佛。依般若波罗蜜多故。得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提。故知般若波罗蜜多。是大神咒。是大明咒。是无上咒。是无等等咒。能除一切苦。真实不虚。故说般若波罗蜜多咒。即说咒曰。
 The Bodhisattva through reliance on Prajna Paramita is unimpeded in his mind.Because there is no impediment,he is not afraid,and he leaves distorted dream-thinking far behind.Ultimately Nirvana!All Buddhas of the three periods of time attain Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi through reliance on Prajna Paramita.Therefore know that Prajna Paramita is a Great Spiritual Mantra,a Great Bright Mantra,a Supreme Mantra,an Unequalled Mantra.It can remove all suffering;it is genuine and not false.That is why the Mantra of Prajna Paramita was spoken.Recite it like this:
揭谛揭谛。波罗揭谛。波罗僧揭谛。菩提萨婆诃。
Gaté Gaté Paragaté Parasamgaté Bodhi Svaha!
 
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15_0 宇宙論における般若心経研究  

http://youtu.be/kIKR1UUtxKE



公開日: 2012/12/31
2013/01/01 新年特別講義:INU公開講座:宇宙物理学・天文学領域
第17章:宇宙論最終講義:般若心経研究
宇宙論の研究に対する、仏教思想からの回答を紹介する
2013/01/01 INU学長・教授Prof. Kubo
 
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参考リンク:

仏教の本質 哲学者「中村元」.flv

http://matuoka777isenokamikaze.blogspot.jp/2013/07/flv.html

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2013年7月25日木曜日

2009 Sri-Lanka Sigiriya

2009 Sri-Lanka Sigiriya

http://youtu.be/z_NxBzLimE0



アップロード日: 2009/08/31
2009 Sri-Lanka Sigiriya

Sigiriya (Lion's rock) is an ancient rock fortress and palace ruin situated in the central Matale District of Sri Lanka, surrounded by the remains of an extensive network of gardens, reservoirs, and other structures. A popular tourist destination, Sigiriya is also renowned for its ancient paintings which are reminiscent of the Ajanta Caves of India. The Sigiriya was built during the reign of King Kassapa I (AD 477 495), and it is one of the seven World Heritage Sites of Sri Lanka.

The Sigiriya rock is a hardened magma plug from an extinct and long-eroded volcano. It stands high above the surrounding plain, visible for miles in all directions. The rock rests on a steep mound that rises abruptly from the flat plain surrounding it. The rock itself rises 370 m (1,214 ft) above sea level and is sheer on all sides, in many places overhanging the base. It is elliptical in plan and has a flat top that slopes gradually along the long axis of the ellipse.

Sigiriya is considered one of the most important urban planning sites of the first millennium, and the site plan is considered very elaborate and imaginative. The plan combined concepts of symmetry and asymmetry to intentionally interlock the man-made geometrical and natural forms of the surroundings. On the west side of the rock lies a park for the royals, laid out on a symmetrical plan; the park contains water retaining structures, including sophisticated surface/subsurface hydraulic systems, some of which are working even today. The south contains a man made reservoir, these were extensively used from previous capital of the dry zone of Sri Lanka. Five gates were placed at entrances. The more elaborate western gate is thought to be reserved for the royals.

2009 Sri-Lanka Sigiriya

Sigiriya è un sito archeologico dello Sri Lanka centrale. Contiene le rovine di un antico palazzo, costruito durante il regno di re Kasyapa (477 - 495 d.C.). È uno dei sette Patrimoni dell'umanità dello Sri Lanka, ed una delle attrazioni preferite dai turisti stranieri.

La roccia su cui sorge Sigiriya è composta da una dura placca magmatica eredità di un vulcano eroso. È in un luogo sopraelevato rispetto alle pianure circostanti, visibile per chilometri. La roccia si trova su una collina dai pendii scoscesi. L'altezza della collina è di 370 metri ed è a picco su tutti i lati. Ha una forma ellittica ed una sommità piatta che scende lentamente in direzione dell'asse lungo dell'ellisse.

Sigiriya, considerata da alcuni l'ottava meraviglia del mondo, è composta da un antico castello eretto da re Kasyapa nel quinto secolo. Il sito archeologico di Sigiriya contiene i resti del palazzo maggiore costruito sulla sommità piatta della collina, una terrazza di medio livello che comprende la Porta dei Leoni ed un muro con affreschi, il palazzo secondario che si arrampica sui pendii sotto la roccia, ed i fossati, le mura ed i giardini che si estendono per centinaia di metri oltre il bordo della roccia.

Il palazzo maggiore situato sulla cima della roccia comprende delle cisterne tagliate nella roccia che contengono ancora acqua. I fossati e le mura che circondano il palazzo inferiore posseggono ancora una bellezza simile a quella originaria.

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Sigiriya steps 1200, Lion Rock- Sri Lanka. HD  

http://youtu.be/D38B4ezh8Ik



公開日: 2012/08/22       

http://www.youtube.com/user/calicatras

 Algunos de los 1200 escalones de un lugar increible la Roca del Leon en Sigiriya.Sri Lanka.
Sigiriya es un impresionante sitio arqueologico, considerado como una de las ocho maravillas del mundo antiguo, construido por el rey Kasyapa en siglo 5 dC. La ciudad de Sigiriya la forman palacios,jardines, fosos, piscinas, cuevas, frescos, murallas canalizaciones de riego todo lo necesario para una ciudad bien situada, siendo lo mas llamativo el palacio superior y la fortaleza situadas el la Roca del Leon sitio al cual se necesita subir 1200 escalones,recompensado el esfuerzo por Las doncellas Sigiriya (frescos) y las maravillosas vistas de una extensa selva tropical en la que se encuentran lagos y montañas.Sigiriya es uno de los más populares destinos turísticos de Sri Lanka, declarado lugar Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la Unesco.
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Citadel of Sigiriya steps 1200- Lion Rock. Sigiriya is an impressive archaeological site, considered one of the eight wonders of the ancient world, built by King Kasyapa in the 5th century AD. The city of Sigiriya the form palaces, gardens, ditches, pools, caves, frescos, irrigation pipes walls everything needed for a city well located, the most striking being the upper palace and fortress located on the Lion Rock site to which it takes up 1200 steps, rewarded the effort Sigiriya maidens (fresh) and the wonderful view of extensive tropical rainforest found in lakes and montañas.Sigiriya is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Sri Lanka, declared Heritage site Site by Unesco.
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Sigiriya ist eine beeindruckende archäologische Stätte, als einer der acht Weltwunder der antiken Welt von König Kasyapa im 5. Jahrhundert n. Chr. erbaut. Die Stadt Sigiriya die Form Paläste, Gärten, Gräben, Teiche, Höhlen, Fresken, Bewässerungsleitungen Wänden alles für eine Stadt gut gelegen, musste das auffälligste ist die obere Palast und Festung auf dem Lion Rock Seite, auf welche sich es dauert bis 1200 Schritte, belohnt die Anstrengungen Sigiriya Maidens (frisch) und die wunderbare Aussicht auf eine ausgedehnte tropische Regenwald in Seen und montañas.Sigiriya gefunden ist eines der beliebtesten Touristenziele in Sri Lanka erklärt Weltkulturerbe Site by Unesco.
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Sigiriya est un site archéologique impressionnant, considéré comme l'un des huit merveilles du monde antique, construit par le roi Kashyapa dans le 5ème siècle après JC. La ville de Sigiriya les palais, les jardins, forment des fossés, des bassins, des grottes, des fresques, des tuyaux d'irrigation murs tout le nécessaire pour une ville bien situé, le plus frappant étant le palais supérieur et forteresse située sur le site de Lion Rock à laquelle il prend 1200 pas, a récompensé les efforts Maidens Sigiriya (frais) et la vue magnifique sur la forêt tropicale étendue dans les lacs et montañas.Sigiriya est l'une des destinations touristiques les plus populaires au Sri Lanka, a déclaré site du patrimoine par l'Unesco.
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錫吉里亞是一個令人印象深刻的考古遺址,被認為在古代世界八大奇蹟之一,建於公元5世­紀由國王迦葉。錫吉里亞的城市形式的宮殿,花園,溝渠,池,洞窟,壁畫,灌溉管道牆所­需要的一切對一個城市的位置,最引人注目的是位於獅子山站點的上的宮殿和要塞它佔用了­1200步,獎勵的努力的錫吉里亞少女(鮮)的壯麗景色,豐富的熱帶雨林在湖泊和mo­ntañas.Sigiriya發現是斯里蘭卡最熱門的旅遊目的地之一,申報遺產的被­聯合國教科文組織。

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シギリヤ

http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A4

シギリヤ英語: Sigiriya)は、スリランカ中部州マータレーにある遺跡である。

シギリヤの遺跡は、5世紀カッサパ1世英語版(在位477495年)によって建造された、要塞化した岩上の王宮跡と、それを取り囲む水路、庭園、貯蔵施設などの都市遺構からなる。岩山の中腹には『シギリヤ・レディ』として知られるフレスコの女性像が描かれている。当初は500体ともいわれたが、風化が進み現在は18体だけが残る。
シギリヤロックは火道内のマグマが硬化して出来た岩頸で、形状は楕円柱、標高約370m、岩頸そのものの高さは約195m、全方位が切り立った崖になっている。

歴史


シギリヤ・レディ
 
シンハラ王朝の5世紀、ダートゥセーナ英語版王の息子カッサパ1世は、王の甥であり軍指令官でもあったミガラの支援を得てクーデターを起こし、477年には父親から王権を奪取する。しかし平民出身の母親を持つカッサパ王は、王族出身の母を持つ弟モッガラーナに王位を奪還される事を恐れ、長らく首都であったアヌラーダプラを離れ、より安全なシギリヤへと遷都した。カッサパが在位にあった477年から495年の間、シギリヤは複雑な市街と防衛機能を併せ持つ都として発展し、即位から7年後にはシギリヤロックの頂上に王宮が完成する。
一方、兄カッサパからの難を逃れていたモッガラーナは、亡命先の南インドから軍隊を引き連れ兄に戦いを仕掛ける。当初はカッサパ王が優勢であったものの後に劣勢に転じ、観念した王は喉を掻き切り自害、495年、シギリヤは陥落する。王位についたモッガラーナはシギリヤを仏教僧に寄進し、再び都をアヌラーダプラへと移した。シギリヤは13世紀から14世紀頃まで修道院として存続するが、徐々に衰退。その後は16世紀から17世紀キャンディ王国がこの地を分営として利用するまでの間、記録は残されておらず、また同王国の衰退の後にも再び放棄された。
建設から1400年の後、イギリス統治下の1875年に、イギリス人によって岩山に描かれたフレスコ画である"シギリヤ・レディ"が発見された。

世界遺産

古都シギリヤは、1982年世界遺産文化遺産)に登録された。

最終更新 2013年6月2日 (日) 16:20

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http://www.sudath-travels.com/sigiriya.html









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=================================================================

SRI LANKA - ANCIENT HERITAGE PART 1 of 5  

http://youtu.be/-zQLNiXWTPs



アップロード日: 2009/01/10
ROOTS OF PARADISE A Film on the Cultural Triangle of Sri Lanka
A Tissa Abeysekara Production,Directed by Anuruddha Jayasinghe
Sri Lanka

=================================================================

Historical Heritage of Sri Lanka - Part 2 of 5.flv

http://youtu.be/6UfvCMKRF_Y



公開日: 2012/05/14

Sri Lanka has been a favourite destination for travellers since the beginning of exploration of tropical lands, that was visited by the early travellers.
•Marco Polo - "Finest island of its size in the entire world"
•Mark Twain - "My goodness! It is most sumptuously tropical"

A Sri Lankan tour is destined to rejuvenate you with its magical ambiance, Idyllic beaches, blissful landscape with waterfalls, streams, mountains, and spectacular wild life. Remarkable ancient monuments built with architectural marvel and arts at its utmost quality that will amaze you, while numerous exciting Sri Lankan activities and adventures that will provide you with fun and excitement.

=================================================================

Historical Heritage of Sri Lanka - Part 3 of 5  

http://youtu.be/wZcedRkDKe0



アップロード日: 2009/06/22
A new era has dawned for Sri Lanka Tourism!
Global Campaign to increase Tourist Arrivals

The defeat of terrorism and successful end of war in the country has certainly lifted the spirits of all and sundry. People are beginning to breathe fresh air of tranquility after the guns went silent in the North. The countrys private sector too has seen its confidence being regained and new optimism blossoming. Since last week the nation has seen an unprecedented wave of jubilation and patriotism.

There is new hope. All Sri Lankans are eager to embrace a new dawn where Singhalese, Tamil, Muslim, Burgher and all races, religions and creeds unite as one around an undivided island.

Despite the conflict, Sri Lanka has continued to remain one of the most attractive travel destinations in the world, being consistently rated by travelers and tourists from around the world as one of the most charming and fascinating places to visit.

From the verdant hill country of Kandy and Nuwara Eliya, to the sacred cities of Anuradahapura and Polonnorawua; the lush jungles and rainforests of Yala and Wilpattu to the tranquil beaches of the Southern Coast, Sri Lanka with bite size experiences has something to suit every taste.

With the conflict now over, Sri Lanka is looking forward to opening up the North and the East of the country, a hitherto undiscovered part of the island that is teeming with untouched beaches, idyllic villages and cultural treasures galore. The Government has already launched a 180-day rapid development plan for the North with the participation of all ministries. .

With the coastlines rebuilt for travelers and plans to develop the North and East of the island, the time is right for Sri Lanka to reap the benefits of tourism.

From Arugam Bay the Surfers Paradise, to Batticaloa where many cultures meet, going further up the coast to Trincomalee and Nilaveli, where one finds Sri Lankas most admired and pristine beaches, infra structure development has begun with the hope of attracting more tourists to these areas.

For long only accessible only to those who dared to defy caution; today these locations are being developed with heightened interest and expectation of a revival in tourism

Meanwhile a massive global communication campaign will be rolled out next month with a focus on attracting more tourists to the island during the winter season.

A local island-wide campaign titled MAKING OF THE SMALL MIRACLE was launched this week to draw on the ideas of people in projecting united Sri Lankas image to the world. The campaign is intended to bring out information on special stories, people, places and objects in each of their area enabling Sri Lanka Tourism to share the same with the world. The local campaign will lead to the launch of the new tourism brand scheduled for 23rd June 2009 . Sri Lanka Tourism has come out with a brand new set of communication materials which included new TV commercial, brochures, new internet site, memorabilias and other corporate gifts .

Sri Lanka Tourism is hopeful that the new Sri Lanka benefits from its renewed focus in the eyes of the world and attracts the same tourists and travelers alike who have yet to experience the enchanting island.

Sri Lanka is looking forward to celebrating a new era in tourism
 
=================================================================

Historical Heritage of Sri Lanka - Part 4 of 5

http://youtu.be/jZvi1J9CXRU



アップロード日: 2009/06/22
A new era has dawned for Sri Lanka Tourism!
Global Campaign to increase Tourist Arrivals

The defeat of terrorism and successful end of war in the country has certainly lifted the spirits of all and sundry. People are beginning to breathe fresh air of tranquility after the guns went silent in the North. The countrys private sector too has seen its confidence being regained and new optimism blossoming. Since last week the nation has seen an unprecedented wave of jubilation and patriotism.

There is new hope. All Sri Lankans are eager to embrace a new dawn where Singhalese, Tamil, Muslim, Burgher and all races, religions and creeds unite as one around an undivided island.

Despite the conflict, Sri Lanka has continued to remain one of the most attractive travel destinations in the world, being consistently rated by travelers and tourists from around the world as one of the most charming and fascinating places to visit.

From the verdant hill country of Kandy and Nuwara Eliya, to the sacred cities of Anuradahapura and Polonnorawua; the lush jungles and rainforests of Yala and Wilpattu to the tranquil beaches of the Southern Coast, Sri Lanka with bite size experiences has something to suit every taste.

With the conflict now over, Sri Lanka is looking forward to opening up the North and the East of the country, a hitherto undiscovered part of the island that is teeming with untouched beaches, idyllic villages and cultural treasures galore. The Government has already launched a 180-day rapid development plan for the North with the participation of all ministries. .

With the coastlines rebuilt for travelers and plans to develop the North and East of the island, the time is right for Sri Lanka to reap the benefits of tourism.

From Arugam Bay the Surfers Paradise, to Batticaloa where many cultures meet, going further up the coast to Trincomalee and Nilaveli, where one finds Sri Lankas most admired and pristine beaches, infra structure development has begun with the hope of attracting more tourists to these areas.

For long only accessible only to those who dared to defy caution; today these locations are being developed with heightened interest and expectation of a revival in tourism

Meanwhile a massive global communication campaign will be rolled out next month with a focus on attracting more tourists to the island during the winter season.

A local island-wide campaign titled MAKING OF THE SMALL MIRACLE was launched this week to draw on the ideas of people in projecting united Sri Lankas image to the world. The campaign is intended to bring out information on special stories, people, places and objects in each of their area enabling Sri Lanka Tourism to share the same with the world. The local campaign will lead to the launch of the new tourism brand scheduled for 23rd June 2009 . Sri Lanka Tourism has come out with a brand new set of communication materials which included new TV commercial, brochures, new internet site, memorabilias and other corporate gifts .

Sri Lanka Tourism is hopeful that the new Sri Lanka benefits from its renewed focus in the eyes of the world and attracts the same tourists and travelers alike who have yet to experience the enchanting island.

Sri Lanka is looking forward to celebrating a new era in tourism

=================================================================

Historical Heritage of Sri Lanka - Part 5 of 5

http://youtu.be/K8njVD5Welo



アップロード日: 2009/06/22
A new era has dawned for Sri Lanka Tourism!
Global Campaign to increase Tourist Arrivals

The defeat of terrorism and successful end of war in the country has certainly lifted the spirits of all and sundry. People are beginning to breathe fresh air of tranquility after the guns went silent in the North. The countrys private sector too has seen its confidence being regained and new optimism blossoming. Since last week the nation has seen an unprecedented wave of jubilation and patriotism.

There is new hope. All Sri Lankans are eager to embrace a new dawn where Singhalese, Tamil, Muslim, Burgher and all races, religions and creeds unite as one around an undivided island.

Despite the conflict, Sri Lanka has continued to remain one of the most attractive travel destinations in the world, being consistently rated by travelers and tourists from around the world as one of the most charming and fascinating places to visit.

From the verdant hill country of Kandy and Nuwara Eliya, to the sacred cities of Anuradahapura and Polonnorawua; the lush jungles and rainforests of Yala and Wilpattu to the tranquil beaches of the Southern Coast, Sri Lanka with bite size experiences has something to suit every taste.

With the conflict now over, Sri Lanka is looking forward to opening up the North and the East of the country, a hitherto undiscovered part of the island that is teeming with untouched beaches, idyllic villages and cultural treasures galore. The Government has already launched a 180-day rapid development plan for the North with the participation of all ministries. .

With the coastlines rebuilt for travelers and plans to develop the North and East of the island, the time is right for Sri Lanka to reap the benefits of tourism.

From Arugam Bay the Surfers Paradise, to Batticaloa where many cultures meet, going further up the coast to Trincomalee and Nilaveli, where one finds Sri Lankas most admired and pristine beaches, infra structure development has begun with the hope of attracting more tourists to these areas.

For long only accessible only to those who dared to defy caution; today these locations are being developed with heightened interest and expectation of a revival in tourism

Meanwhile a massive global communication campaign will be rolled out next month with a focus on attracting more tourists to the island during the winter season.

A local island-wide campaign titled MAKING OF THE SMALL MIRACLE was launched this week to draw on the ideas of people in projecting united Sri Lankas image to the world. The campaign is intended to bring out information on special stories, people, places and objects in each of their area enabling Sri Lanka Tourism to share the same with the world. The local campaign will lead to the launch of the new tourism brand scheduled for 23rd June 2009 . Sri Lanka Tourism has come out with a brand new set of communication materials which included new TV commercial, brochures, new internet site, memorabilias and other corporate gifts .

Sri Lanka Tourism is hopeful that the new Sri Lanka benefits from its renewed focus in the eyes of the world and attracts the same tourists and travelers alike who have yet to experience the enchanting island.

Sri Lanka is looking forward to celebrating a new era in tourism

=================================================================

Uranium Goes Critical (BBC Documentary)

Uranium Goes Critical (BBC Documentary)  

http://youtu.be/9JBGpIzlDQ4



公開日: 2013/01/13
TV documentary about the discovery and use of uranium and the recent dwindling of the world's resources of the mineral. Filmed at uranium mines in Colorado, U.S.A., exploration camps in northern Canada and a factory in England where uranium is made into fuel rods for Britain's nuclear reactors.

San Onofre nuclear power plant closing

San Onofre nuclear power plant closing

リクエストによる埋め込み無効

http://youtu.be/V0demfZwoPA

公開日: 2013/06/07
Southern California Edison's parent company announced Friday it is shutting down the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station just north of Camp Pendleton, the latest chapter of a saga that began with the discovery of a small leak of radioactive steam.
 
========================================================

Waves Crash Against San Onofre Nuclear Power Station in California

http://youtu.be/X9lAoyAhoq8



アップロード日: 2011/11/07
Part 4 in Environment & Economy Subcommittee Chairman Shimkus' series calling on senators to stand up to Majority Leader Reid and move forward on Yucca Mountain.

========================================================

San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station - Video Tour  

http://youtu.be/LvOUoM3XXGA



公開日: 2012/10/23
説明はありません。

========================================================

San Onofre nuclear plant insider warns restarting reactor is too dangerous

http://youtu.be/7pW-b9q70Io

リクエストによる埋め込み無効

公開日: 2013/04/25
A source inside the San Onofre nuclear power plant says restarting the power plant is too dangerous.
 
========================================================

San Onofre Nuclear Power Plant Finally Permanently Shut Down !

http://youtu.be/bFJijaAY7Pw



公開日: 2013/06/07
Southern California Edison announced Friday it would shut down the troubled San Onofre nuclear power plant.
The move comes 17 months after the San Onofre plant was closed because of problems in steam generator systems. The plant powered about 1.4 million households in Southern California before the outage.
Until now, Edison had vowed to restart the plant. But the company released a statement Friday saying it would stop the process to fire up the plant.
Q&A: Why is it closing and what will it cost?
"We have concluded that the continuing uncertainty about when or if [the plant] might return to service was not good for our customers, our investors, or the need to plan for our region's long-term electricity needs," said Ted Craver, chairman and chief executive of Edison International, parent company of SCE.
SCE President Ron Litzinger said in a statement: "Looking ahead, we think that our decision to retire the units will eliminate uncertainty and facilitate orderly planning for California's energy future."

========================================================

San Onofre nuclear power plant: Fukushima USA?

http://youtu.be/PWrq4pzqyaw



公開日: 2013/02/05
Nuclear energy is responsible for powering nearly 20 percent of the US, and in Southern California the San Onofre nuclear power plant has created much debate in the surrounding community. The station has been closed for about a year due to a leak that was detected in the steam generator tubes, but despite the wishes of the people living the area to keep the plant closed, the utility company is pushing to bring the reactor back online. Arnie Gundersen, chief engineer for Fairewinds Energy Education, analyzes the situation.

Find RT America in your area: http://rt.com/usa/where-to-watch/
Or watch us online: http://rt.com/on-air/rt-america-air/

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========================================================

San Onofre Shut Down Activist Press Conference

http://youtu.be/Vj6qFDTcq6c



公開日: 2013/06/07
Friday, June 7, 2013 San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS)
Anti-Nuclear Activists hold a press conference in response to Southern California Edison announcing plans to retire the San Onofre Nuclear Power Plant.

Speakers include:
0:40 Ray Lutz, Citizens Oversight Projects (COPS)
3:00 Carol Jahnkow, Peace Resource Center San Diego
4:20 Gary Headrick, San Clemente Green
6:20 Donna Gilmore, San Onofre Safety
9:30 Arnold "Arnie" Gundersen, chief engineer of energy consulting company Fairewinds Associates, an anti-nuclear campaigner, and a former nuclear power industry executive.
11:10 Gene Stone, Residents Organized for a Safe Environment (R.O.S.E.)
12:30 Cathy Iwane
15:30 Crystal Coleman
19:30 Lynn Harris Hicks, local resident and activist
22:20 Joe Holtzman

Citizens' Oversight Projects
http://www.citizensoversight.org/

Peace Resource Center
http://prcsd.org/

Friends of the Earth
http://www.foe.org/

San Clemente Green
http://www.sanclementegreen.org/

San Onofre Safety (SOS)
http://sanonofresafety.org/

Nuclear Free California
http://www.nuclearfreecal.org/nfcnet/

Fairewinds Energy Education
http://fairewinds.org/

Residents Organized for a Safe Environment
http://residentsorganizedforasafeenvi...
 
========================================================

San Onofre Nuclear Power Plant: What's Next?  

http://youtu.be/tru3_qHVJO4



公開日: 2013/06/24
Dr. Murray Jennex of San Diego State University discusses what neighbors and utility rates payers can expect now that the San Onofre nuclear power plant will be shut down permanently. Jennex was interviewed by KUSI's Allan Denton on June 23, 2013.
 
========================================================

US nuclear waste dilemma

http://youtu.be/bCLdQOOvrww



公開日: 2013/02/26
With two decades to go before it can reprocess spent nuclear fuel, the US will have to bury nearly 70,000 tons of it, a research lab reports. It comes after Congress and the Obama administration defunded a planned nuclear waste repository in 2011.

The Oak Ridge National Laboratory, a facility that does research for the Department of Energy (DOE), said that "about 68,450 [metric tons] or about 98 percent of the total current inventory by mass, can proceed to permanent disposal without the need to ensure retrievability for reuse or research purposes" in its report, published near the end of 2012. The rest of the waste, the report said, could be kept available for research on fuel reprocessing and storage.

The report was fairly obscure until being cited in a DOE document that showed plans to find a new permanent waste dump after Congress and the Obama administration cut funding for the Yucca Mountain repository in 2011.

Reprocessing has little support in Washington due to concerns that spent fuel could fall into the wrong hands. Nevertheless the DOE started looking into reprocessing methods in 2005.

But following the March 2011 disaster at Japan's Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, US officials became wary of recycling radioactive waste.

The Blue Ribbon Commission on America's Nuclear Future, co-chaired by Energy Secretary Steven Chu, said that "no currently available or reasonably foreseeable reactor and fuel cycle technology developments - including advances in reprocessing and recycling technologies - have the potential to fundamentally alter the waste management challenges the nation confronts over at least the next several decades, if not longer" in a report.

Watch this video on our website: http://www.presstv.ir/Program/290903....
Broadcast Date: 25 Feb. 2013

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========================================================

http://www.asahi.com/news/intro/TKY201206210572.html

原発水漏れ「三菱重工のミス」 NRCが原因指摘

2012年6月22日03時00分

蒸気発生器の配管破損で停止中の米カリフォルニア州南部のサンオノフレ原発について、米原子力規制委員会(NRC)は、製造した三菱重工業の「不十分なコンピューター分析が設計ミスを招いた」との調査結果を明らかにした。AP通信などが報じた。原発を運営する電力会社は、電力需要が高まる8月中は運転再開ができないとしている。

NRCの調査チームを率いたグレッグ・ワーナー氏が18日、州南部で開いた公聴会で「三菱重工のコンピューターシミュレーションが、蒸気発生器内の蒸気や水の速さを見誤った」との見方を示した。このため配管の束の支えが弱くなり、振動が起きたという。運営する南カリフォルニア・エジソン社に罰則が科せられる可能性がある。

三菱重工は20日、この問題で初めて公式にコメントを発表。「蒸気発生器は日本の原発向けのほぼ2倍と超大型で、国内とは仕様や条件が異なる」「国内では類似の事象が発生する可能性はない」と釈明した。

21日に東京都内で開かれた同社の株主総会では、株主から株価への影響について質問も。宮永俊一副社長は「真っ正面から問題に取り組み、着実に、誠実に対応していく」と答えた。

サンオノフレ原発は1月31日、3号機の蒸気発生器の配管から水が漏れて緊急停止。微量の放射性物質が漏れた可能性もある。定期点検中の2号機でも配管の摩耗が見つかり、NRCはすべての稼働を禁じた。

エジソン社によると、3号機の配管は2010年後半に納入、11年初めに稼働を始めたばかり。2号機は09年後半納入、10年初めに稼働を始めた。(藤えりか=ロサンゼルス、木村裕明)


========================================================

Reuters JP

http://jp.reuters.com/article/topNews/idJPTYE96I02020130719

廃炉の米サンオノフレ原発運営会社、三菱重工に賠償要求

2013年 07月 19日 11:45 JST

[18日 ロイター] - 原子炉の廃炉が決まった米カリフォルニア州サンオノフレ原子力発電所の運営会社であるサザン・カリフォルニア・エジソン(SCE)(SCE_pe.A: 株価, 企業情報, レポート)は、蒸気発生器を製造した三菱重工業(7011.T: 株価, ニュース, レポート)が適正な設計をせず、迅速に修繕もしないことで契約に違反したとして、損害の責任を取るよう求める内容の通知を18日に行ったことを明らかにした。

同原発では、三菱重工製の蒸気発生器で配管が破損し、微量の放射性物質が漏れ出したことを受け、2012年1月初めから原子炉の運転を停止。SCEは6月初めに廃炉とすることを発表していた。

SCEは、三菱重工がテストを適正に行わず、配管の破損を回避するような構造を設計しなかったとしている。


仲介者を交えた法的な手続きに入る前に、三菱重工がSCE側の主張に回答するまでの期間は90日。

SCEの広報担当者は「三菱重工側が、欠陥のある蒸気発生器や、関係各所に及ぼした甚大な損害に対する責任を取ることを求めている」としている。

一方、三菱重工の広報担当者はこれらの主張に対する対応を検討しているとコメントした。

SCEは米電力会社エジソン・インターナショナル(EIX.N: 株価, 企業情報, レポート)の傘下にある。
 © Thomson Reuters 2013 All rights reserved.

関連ニュース



 
========================================================

San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Onofre_Nuclear_Generating_Station

The San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station (SONGS) is an inoperative nuclear power plant located on the Pacific coast of California, in the northwestern corner of San Diego County, south of San Clemente, now planned to be decommissioned. The now-closed facility is owned by Southern California Edison. Edison International, parent of SCE, holds 78.2% ownership in the plant; San Diego Gas & Electric Company, 20%; and the City of Riverside Utilities Department, 1.8%. When fully functional, the plant employed over 2,200 people.[4] The plant is located in Nuclear Regulatory Commission Region IV. The plant is a prominent landmark because of its spherical containment buildings, designed to contain any unexpected releases of radiation.
The plant's first unit, Unit 1, operated from 1968 to 1992.[5] Unit 2 was started in 1983 and Unit 3 started in 1984. Upgrades designed to last 20 years were made to the reactor units in 2009 and 2010; however, both reactors had to be shut down in January 2012 due to premature wear found on over 3,000 tubes in the recently replaced steam generators. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission is currently investigating the events that led to the closure. In May 2013 Senator Barbara Boxer, chairman of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, said the modifications had proved to be "unsafe and posed a danger to the eight million people living within 50 miles of the plant,” and she called for a criminal investigation.[6]
Southern California Edison announced on June 7, 2013 that it would "permanently retire" Unit 2 and Unit 3, citing "continuing uncertainty about when or if SONGS might return to service" and noting that ongoing regulatory and "administrative processes and appeals" would likely cause any tentative restart plans to be delayed for "more than a year." The company stated that "Full retirement of the units prior to decommissioning will take some years in accordance with customary practices. Actual decommissioning will take many years until completion."[7]

Reactors

Unit 1, a first generation Westinghouse pressurized water reactor that operated for 25 years, closed permanently in 1992, and has been dismantled and is used as a storage site for spent fuel.[8] It had a spherical containment of concrete and steel with the smallest wall being 6 feet (1.8 m) thick. It generated 456 MWe gross, and 436 MWe net, when operating at 100% capacity.[9]
Units 2 and 3, Combustion Engineering two-loop pressurized water reactors, generated 1,127 MWe gross, and 1,070 MWe and 1,080 MWe net respectively, when operating at 100% capacity.[9]
In a ten-year project completed in 2011 and costing $671 million, Edison replaced the steam generators in both reactors with improved Mitsubishi steam generators. Because of the reactors' two-loop design, uncommon for large reactors of that era, the steam generators are amongst the largest in the industry. A common shortcoming of these large steam generators was tube wear, leading to replacement being required earlier than their 40-year design life.[10] The steam generators are the largest components in the reactor, and installing them required cutting a temporary hole in the concrete containment shell. The Unit 2 replacement was completed in 2009 and Unit 3 in 2011. The company estimated that the modernization would save customers $1 billion during the plant's current license period, which ran until 2022.[11][12]
During its operation, SONGS provided about 20% of the power to large portions of Southern California.[13]

2012 shutdown and subsequent closure


Initial shutdown

Unit 2 was shut down in early January 2012 for routine refueling and replacement of the reactor vessel head.[39] On January 31, 2012, Unit 3 suffered a small radioactive leak largely inside the containment shell, with a very small release to the environment below allowable limits, and the reactor was shut down per standard procedure.[40][41][42] On investigation, both units were found to show premature wear on over 3,000 tubes, in 15,000 places, in the replacement steam generators installed in 2010 and 2011.[43] Plant officials pledged not to restart the units until the causes of the tube leak and tube degradation were understood.[39] Neither unit was ever restarted. There were no blackouts due to the lack of SONGS electricity; however, more pollution was caused due to the use of natural gas plants used to make up for the power generation, and the additional cost has led to higher utility bills.[44]


NRC response

On March 27, 2012, the NRC issued a Confirmatory Action Letter (CAL) forbidding the plant to be reopened until the causes of its equipment problems are thoroughly understood and fixed.[45][46] At the same time, Irvine Councilman Larry Agran called for the plant to be decommissioned, saying it should be decommissioned safely and as soon as possible.[28] Concerns include “nuclear waste stored at the plant, health hazards from radioactive material, and inadequate evacuation plans”. Resolutions passed in neighboring cities Laguna Beach and San Clemente called for safer and more secure waste storage. San Clemente voted to request public information about radiation levels near the plant. Bob Steins, spokesman for Edison International, said “the company will work to prepare detailed responses to council and community member questions and concerns”.[28]
In June 2012 the environmental group Friends of the Earth filed a legal petition with the NRC, asking that any decision to restart SONGS be considered a de-facto license amendment requiring an adjudicatory public hearing, rather than a decision by the NRC commissioners. SCE and NRC Staff filed statements opposing the petition.[46][47]
In July 2012 the NRC issued its final report, identifying ten issues that need followup and stating “the plant will not be permitted to restart until the licensee has developed a plan to prevent further steam generator tube degradation and the NRC independently verifies that it can be operated safely."[48] As of July 2012, the cost related to the shutdown had reached $165 million, with $117 million of that being the purchasing of power from other sources to replace the output of the plant.[49] As a result, the Chairman of Edison International Ted Craver stated that there is a possibility that reactor 3 might be scrapped as "It is not clear at this time whether Unit 3 will be able to restart without extensive additional repairs".[49]
In August 2012, Southern California Edison announced plans to lay off one-third, or 730, of the plants employees; the company said that the downsizing of the plant staff was planned more than two years ago. Rochelle Becker of the Alliance for Nuclear Responsibility said that the layoffs showed that the company was not being honest about their plans for the power plant.[4][50] Due to the shutdown, the NRC ended requirements to monitor non-operating systems.[19]
In September 2012, Allison Macfarlane, the NRC Chairwoman, said that plant would be down for a prolonged period, and that the fuel from Unit 3 would be removed in September 2012, due to significant damage to the unit.[51]
On October 3, 2012, SCE submitted a "Unit 2 Return to Service Report" to the NRC. SCE stated it had taken corrective actions, such as plugging worn tubes and preventively plugged additional tubes. SCE proposed a restart while administratively limiting Unit 2 to 70% power, intended to prevent excessive tube vibration, until a midcycle inspection within 150 days of operation.[46][52] SCE reported that most of the excessive wear was in limited areas, due to higher speed and drier steam than computer modeling had predicted, and inadequate tube support at the U-bend. Analysis had concluded operating at 70% power would eliminate the conditions that caused excessive wear.[53]
On November 8, 2012, the NRC decided to refer the Friends of the Earth hearing request to the Atomic Safety and Licensing Board.[46] By November 2012, the cost of the outage was over $300 million,[54] and discussion of restarting Unit 2 has been postponed.[55] In December 2012, the last of the four old steam generators were transported to Clive, Utah for disposal.[56]
In February 2013, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission asked the steam generator manufacturer, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, to provide a redacted version of a report on the plant's steam generators for publication. The report described the changes made in the replacement steam generator, which included the removal of a support cylinder and changes to the tube support plates and anti-vibration bars, and the addition of about 400 tubes.[57][58]
 


Plant closure

On June 7, 2013, Southern California Edison announced it would "permanently retire" Unit 2 and Unit 3, ending their attempt to restart the plant at a reduced capacity. The utility said it would cut the SONGS workforce from about 1,500 to some 400 employees, with most reductions "expected to occur in 2013." The company also said it would "pursue recovery of damages from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, the supplier of the replacement steam generators",[7][62] although the contract limited liability to $138 million and excluded consequential damages.[53] The chief executive of Edison International explained that the current licenses expire in 2022, and with post-Fukushima requirements, which include re-evaluating earthquake vulnerability, it was uncertain renewal would be economic, so it made little sense making costly and politically difficult repairs now that would not make a return on investment before 2022.[63]
California Senator Dianne Feinstein signaled approval of the decision to permanently close the plant, stating "I firmly believe this is the right thing to do for the more than 7 million Californians who live within 50 miles of San Onofre." However, Representative Darrell Issa, whose voting district includes the nuclear station, was more downbeat, saying "our communities now face the loss of employment for more than a thousand highly skilled workers and an essential local source of low-cost, clean energy." Issa also pledged to work to improve the prospects for nuclear power nationwide. In contrast, Sierra Club Director Kathryn Phillips applauded the move, saying in a statement that "We hope, especially, that the utilities will take this opportunity to help get more locally generated renewable energy, such as rooftop solar, into their portfolios."[64]

Actions for financial damage

In July 2013 SCE started a 90-day dispute resolution process with Mitsubishi. If the dispute resolution is unsuccessful, a binding arbitration process will follow.[65]

This page was last modified on 21 July 2013 at 11:52.

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